![]() Source: Final assembly of the pilot's compartment is being made by these Negro workers in a large eastern aircraft factory. Pictured below are three young men working on the cockpit of an airplane this is an example of a wartime industry job. African Americans worked for government wartime agencies as well as war industries. African Americans migrated to major manufacturing areas in the North as well as in the West. The availability of new job opportunities in American factories also attracted African Americans. This fictional character represented the contribution of women in the workplace during the war.ĭuring the war, women who worked in war industry jobs were referred to as "Rosies." Rosie the Riveter, pictured left, became an iconic figure for American woman. Women worked industry jobs that were traditionally held by men. More than six million women were a part of the workforce during World War II for many of them, this was the first time they held jobs outside of the home. Women entered the workforce at an unprecedented rate. Source: Rosie the Riveter, American National Biography Online Instantly, the nation faced a labor shortage that was filled by workers who had previously been denied many employment opportunities. When these men joined the armed forces, they left behind millions of jobs. Immediately following the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, millions of men were called to duty. As a result, there were more jobs available, and more Americans went back to work. American companies began producing guns, planes, tanks, and other military equipment at an unbelievable rate. Many businesses moved from the production of consumer goods to the production of war supplies and military vehicles. The approval of the Lend-Lease Act shifted the U.S. His solution was the proposal of the Lend-Lease Act.Ĭlick on the document hotspot below to learn more about this act. Roosevelt wanted to keep his promise of neutrality, but he also wanted to be able to supply the British with supplies. Churchill asked Roosevelt for supplies to help Great Britain defend itself in the war. Great Britain’s prime minister, Winston Churchill, requested Roosevelt’s assistance after sustaining a heavy loss of ships, planes, and other military equipment at the hands of Germany. Prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor, Roosevelt had promised to stay out of the war, but he wanted to support Britain in its struggle against German aggression. Germany invaded neighboring European countries and destroyed lives and property in its wake. In Europe, World War II started in 1939 with the German invasion of Poland. By the end of the 1930s, the Great Depression was weakening, but Americans were still hindered by the poverty that the Depression had created. President Roosevelt’s New Deal economic policies were helping the nation recover from the crisis. The economy was plagued by bank failures and high unemployment rates. In this lesson, you will identify the social and economic impact of World War II on the American home front.ĭuring the 1930s, the United States was consumed by the harsh economic crisis of the Great Depression. For Americans, the war would be fought abroad and on the home front. ![]() This attack and the subsequent entry into war galvanized all Americans as the nation braced for war. Source: Photo, FDR signing declaration, National Archives ![]() President Franklin Roosevelt signs the Declaration of War December 8, 1941 Source:, Library of CongressĬlick on the link below to watch a video about the attack on Pearl Harbor. The Attack on Pearl Harbor-December 7, 1941 Three days later, the United States declared war on Germany and Italy. Congress declared war on Japan on December 8, 1941. In response to the attack and a dramatic speech by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the U.S. The United States remained neutral in the war until Japan, a member of the Axis Powers, attacked an American naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941. The Axis Powers fought relentlessly against the Allied Powers for dominance around the world. With war already raging in Asia, the invasion sparked a global conflict that lasted until 1945. World War II started on September 1, 1939, with the German invasion of Poland.
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